![]() Magnetic attraction effects are most often noticed in heavily cold worked fabrications such as wire or the dished end of a pressure vessel. Once the martensite is formed, it may also become magnetised sufficiently to pick-up light objects such as paper clips. The effect is less marked in alloys with high concentrations of austenite stabilisers such as nickel, nitrogen and carbon. The change occurs because the cold work deformation induces a transformation of the microstructure from austenite to martensite. ![]() However, if they are cold worked they will be attracted to a permanent magnet. they are not attracted significantly by a magnet. Wrought, austenitic stainless steels, such as 304 and 316, are generally regarded as non-magnetic in the annealed condition, i.e. This is measured relative to the value for air or vacuum taken as 1. It is more usual to refer to the relative permeability. It gives an indication of the strength of the attraction to a magnet. Permeability is the property used to measure how well a material concentrates the magnetic field. Ferromagnetic materials are strongly attracted to a permanent magnet and may also be magnetised to act as a permanent magnet. The magnetic properties of materials are affected by their composition, metallic structure, processing methods and physical condition.
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